We looked at the studies of James Newman who referred to Roger Caillois who came up with the idea of putting games into two main categories Paidia and Ludus.
Paidia can be simply explained as, “play” for pleasure
Ludus is defined as more constrained by rules, with a clear outcome (E.g. “Winning”)
He then furthered that by bringing in the following:
Agon: Competition - a competitive multiplayer game
Alea: Chance, Randomness - A gambling game or equivalent
Ilinx: Movement, Vertigo: - Outdoor sports, skiing, skateboarding
Mimicry: Simulation, Role-Play – Cinema
Games that came to mind when I thought of Ludus were board games as they have a clearly defined set of rules that have to be followed for the game to function properly. Board games also have an element of competition to them as most of them involve players playing against each other to see who can get to the goal first.
World of Warcraft is a game that offers the player a huge sandbox world to play in and gives people the freedom to do what they want, whenever and how they want to, which is why I feel like it has elements of Paidia however it also has elements of Agon with the competitive PvP, Alea as the loot system is based on a roll between 1 and 100.
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